A
A, ampere
µA, microampere(s)
mA, milliampere(s)
Å, angstrom (10-10 m)
ACTH, adrenocorticotropin
ADP, adenosine diphosphate
AMP, adenosine monophosphate
cAMP, cyclic AMP
ATP, adenosine triphosphate
ATPase, adenosine triphosphatase
B
BHK, baby hamster kidney
bp, base pair
BSA, bovine serum albumin
C
cDNA, complementary DNA
°C, degree Celsius
CHAPS, 3-(3-cholamidopropyl) diethy-ammonio-1 propanesulfonate
CHO, Chinese hamster ovary
Ci, curie(s)
µCi, microcurie(s)
mCi, millicurie(s)
Con A, concanavalin A
cpm, counts per minute
cps, counts per second
CTP, cytidine triphosphate
cycle/min, cycle(s) per minute
cycle/s, cycle(s) per second
D
D, dalton
d, day
d, density
DAB, diaminobenzidine
DEAE, diethylaminoethyl
diam, diameter
DME, Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium
DMSO, dimethyl sulfoxide
DNA, deoxyribonucleic acid
DNase, deoxyribonuclease
DNP, dinitrophenyl
dpm, disintegrations per minute
dps, disintegrations per second
DTT, dithiothreitol
E
EDTA, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
EGF, epidermal growth factor
EGTA, ethyleneglycol-bis (beta-aminoethylether)- N,N'-tetraacetic acid
ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
EM, electron microscopy
ER, endoplasmic reticulum
F
°F, degree Fahrenheit
FACS®, registered trademark of Becton Dickinson and Company for a
fluorescence-activated cell sorter
FBS, fetal bovine serum
FCS, fetal calf serum
FGF, fibroblast growth factor
FITC, fluorescein isothiocyanate
FRAP, fluorescence recovery after photobleaching
G
g, gram
g, unit of gravity
GTP, guanosine triphosphate
H
h, hour
HBSS, Hanks' balanced salt solution
Hepes, N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N'-2-ethane sulfonic acid
HPLC, high performance liquid chromatography
HRP, horseradish peroxidase
I
i.d., internal diameter
IEF, isoelectric focusing
Ig, immunoglobulin
i.l., intraluminal
i.m., intramuscular
i.p., intraperitoneal
IU, international unit(s)
i.v., intravenous
K
kb, kilobase(s)
kbp, kilobase pair(s)
kD, kilodalton(s)
L
liter(s), liter(s)
M
µl, microliter(s)
ml, milliliter(s)
m, meter
µm, micrometer(s)
M, molar
mAb, monoclonal antibody
MDCK, Madin-Darby canine kidney
MEM, Eagle's minimum essential medium
MES, 2-(N-morpholino)ethane sulfonic acid
mo, month
mol, mole(s)
mol wt, molecular weight
MOPS, morpholino propane sulfonic acid
Mr, relative molecular mass
N
N, normal (concentration of ionizable groups)
n, number in a study or group
NA, numerical aperture
NAD+, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
NADH, NAD+ reduced
NADP, NAD+phosphate
NADPH, NADP reduced
NBD, nitrobenzoxadiazole
ND, not determined
NEPHGE, nonequilibrium pH gradient electrophoresis
NGF, nerve growth factor
No., number
NP-40, Nonidet P-40
NS, not significant
O
OD, optical density
osM, osmolar
osmol, osmole(s)
µosmol, microosmole(s)
mosmol, milliosmole(s)
P
P, probability
PAGE, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
PBS, phosphate-buffered saline
PCA, perchloric acid
PCR, polymerase chain reaction
PDGF, platelet-derived growth factor
Pi, inorganic orthophosphate
Pipes, [1,4-piperazinebis(ethane sulfonic acid)]
PMA, phorbol myristate acetate
PMSF, phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride
R
r, correlation coefficient
RBC, red blood cell
RER, rough endoplasmic reticulum
RIA, radioimmunoassay
RNA, ribonucleic acid
mRNA, messenger RNA
tRNA, transfer RNA
RNase, ribonuclease
RNP, ribonucleoprotein
rpm, revolutions per minute
S
s, seconds(s)
s, sedimentation coefficient
S, Svedberg unit of sedimentation coefficient
SD, standard deviation
SDS, sodium dodecyl sulfate
SEM, standard error of the mean
sp act, specific activity
SSC, standard saline citrate
SV-40, simian virus 40
T
t test, Student's t test
t1/2, half-life, half-time
TBS, Tris-buffered saline
TCA, trichloroacetic acid
TdR, thymidine deoxyribose
TGF, transforming growth factor
TGN, trans-Golgi network
TIU, trypsin inhibitor units
TLC, thin layer chromatography
TRITC, tetramethylrhodamine isothiocyanate
Tris, tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane
U
U, unit
UDP, uridine diphosphate
UDT, uridine triphosphate
UV, ultraviolet
V
V, volt
vol, volume
W
W, watt
WGA, wheat germ agglutinin
wk, week
wt, weight
Y
yr, year